Are there distinctions to be made between 1.Neuro-Linguistic Programming 2.Cognitive behavioural therapy 3.Hypnotherapy and 4.Psychodynamic Psychotherapy? Or are they all under the same umbrella of valid clinical tools?
The distinctions that can be made are categorical and more about “protecting the trade” than real differences.
Much of the philosophy, science and practice overlaps between the different schools. They aren’t unfortunately validated in the scientific sense in most part and that is an inherent problem when considering the level of evidence in evidence based practice and peer reviewed publication.
They each have validity and all fall under the umbrella category of clinical therapeutic tools.
The differences are in popularity and interested audience. Also the “validity” from a legal/business licensing perspective is very different for each. This is because the sources of the information and the formulation of the schools of thought come from very different people and professional backgrounds